Method and apparatus for providing geospatial and temporal navigation

ABSTRACT

A method and apparatus for processing at least one information feed are disclosed. For example, the method receives at least one content via at least one automated feed. The method associates the at least one content to one or more geographical locations on a map, wherein the one or more geographical locations are determined from the at least one content. The method then presents an access to the at least one content to a user via the map.

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No.60/860,243 filed on Nov. 20, 2006, which is herein incorporated byreference.

The present invention relates generally to dissemination of content and,more particularly, to a method and apparatus for enabling geospatial andtemporal navigation via various automated feeds such as feeds from blogsites, edited content sites such as news paper sites, broadcast sites,and so on.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Today's communications networks enable users to share content from anylocation via an Internet connection. For example, blogging has become apopular way to share content such as text, video, image, etc. Users mayuse various feeds such as Really Simple Syndication (RSS) or Atom feedsto receive content updates from various websites. RSS and Atom aresyndicated Web feed formats based on the Extension Markup Language (XML)language. XML is a general purpose markup language published by theWorld Wide Web Consortium (W3C). In order to receive a RSS feed, a usermay install a RSS reader program in his/her device. The user may thensubscribe to a list of RSS feed websites via the RSS reader program.Many Web browsers can support RSS feeds so a separate RSS reader programwould not be needed in this case because the capability is built intothe Web browser. However, the number and variety of RSS feeds have beengrowing over time making the amount of information overwhelming.Locating relevant updates has become a labor intensive and timeconsuming process.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In one embodiment, the present invention discloses a method andapparatus for processing at least one information feed. For example, themethod receives at least one content via at least one automated feed.The method associates the at least one content to one or moregeographical locations on a map, wherein the one or more geographicallocations are determined from the at least one content. The method thenpresents an access to the at least one content to a user via the map.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The teaching of the present invention can be readily understood byconsidering the following detailed description in conjunction with theaccompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary architecture diagram of the currentinvention for providing geospatial and temporal navigation;

FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary RSS feed with and without Geo-Tracker;

FIG. 3 illustrates geospatial and temporal navigation for RSS feeds withGeo-Tracker;

FIG. 4 illustrates a flowchart of a method for providing geospatial andtemporal navigation; and

FIG. 5 illustrates a high level block diagram of a general purposecomputer suitable for use in performing the functions described herein.

To facilitate understanding, identical reference numerals have beenused, where possible, to designate identical elements that are common tothe figures.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present invention broadly discloses a method and apparatus forenabling geospatial and temporal navigation via various automated feeds,e.g., feeds from blog sites, news paper sites, broadcast sites, etc. Inone embodiment, these feeds are Really Simple Syndication (RSS) feeds.RSS is known as a family of Web feed formats used to publish frequentlyupdated content such as blog entries, news headlines, podcasts and thelike. An RSS document (which is broadly referred to as a “feed” or a“channel”) may contain either a summary of the content from a web siteor the full text. It should be noted that although the present inventionis described illustratively in the context of RSS feeds, the presentinvention is not so limited. Namely, automated feeds in accordance withother standards can be employed in the present invention.

In the present invention, presenting or navigating the RSS datageospatially means that the data is presented over various locations ona geographical map, e.g., a world map, at a given point in time. Inturn, presenting or navigating the RSS data temporally means that thedata is presented over time at a particular location. In one embodimentof the present invention, a method and an apparatus for enabling bothgeospatial and temporal navigation via various automated feeds arepresented.

It should be noted that although the present invention is disclosedbelow in the context of a world map, it should be noted that ageographical map of any size can be used. For example, the geographicalmap may comprise a continent, a region, a group of countries, a singlecountry, a region of a country, a state, a province, a county, a city, atownship and so on.

Using RSS feeds, websites are able to present their content to users inmachine readable format. Rather than manually obtaining updates fromvarious websites, the users may configure their RSS browser toautomatically check for updates. Thus, such information feeds arebroadly described as automated feeds.

The updates in machine readable format may also be presented in asummary format that displays headlines with individual items sorted bytime. The presentation in such summary format is referred to as anaggregation process. The aggregation process can be performed by anaggregator software implemented in a computer or an application server.The aggregator software may subscribe to one or more feeds andautomatically check for new contents and/or updates to existing contentsat a pre-determined time interval. When new contents and/or updates arefound, the aggregator is tasked with retrieving them. The aggregator mayassemble all the content and converts non-RSS content (if any) to RSSformat, for providing an aggregated RSS feed. The aggregator thendisseminates the content to the users. Users may then receive theaggregated RSS feed and navigate to locate relevant updates. However,the number and variety of RSS feeds have been growing over time, makingidentification of relevant updates a time consuming and labor intensiveprocess for the users.

In one embodiment, the current invention enables geospatial and/ortemporal navigation of RSS feeds. Users may then locate relevant contentand/or updates to content efficiently using the automated geospatial andtemporal navigation.

FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary architecture 100 of the currentinvention for providing geospatial and temporal navigation. Theexemplary architecture 100 is used to process timely updates fromvarious information sources and enable users to access the sources viageospatial and temporal navigation. The architecture 100 comprises ofgateways that send and receive messages using different protocols andinfolets to various information sources (e.g., websites, blog sites,etc.) and users. For instance, architecture 100 may comprise a HypertextTransfer Protocol (HTTP) gateway 110, a mail gateway 111, a MultimediaMessaging Service (MMS) gateway 112, a voice gateway 113, a videogateway 114, a message switch 115, a plurality of servers 116-118, andvarious infolets 120-124.

In one embodiment, each of the infolets 120-124 may implement anapplication logic and may also provide access to one or more sources ofinformation. The output of the infolets needs to conform to thedestination delivery context established for the user session. Forexample, the blogger infolet 120 converts a blog entry submitted fromany of the gateways 110-114 into an RSS feed. An RSS-enabled infolet120-124 operating on each server 116-118, implements the relevantprotocol interfaces to access various information sources (such as alocation server, a presence server, and so on). Such an infolet may alsoimplement a module to convert any retrieved non-RSS information into anRSS feed. This is accomplished in a timely manner making it amenable foraggregation with other sources of information, either from otherinfolets or from the personal blog entries submitted from variousgateways.

In one embodiment, the RSS aggregator infolet 121 assembles all the RSSfeeds. For example, feeds from RSS sources are aggregated with feedsfrom non-RSS sources by first converting the non-RSS feeds to RSSformat. The RSS aggregator infolet 121 then provides a unique aggregatedRSS feed. The RSS feed (assembled feed) is then ready for querying,filtering or publishing to other media gateways. The content may beadapted for delivery to subscribers who are interested in any eventreported in the aggregated RSS feed.

In one embodiment, the publication infolet 122 is used to publish thepersonalized and filtered RSS content on a user's personal or group blogsite maintained in a server in architecture 100. The delivery infolet123 is used to adapt the content for delivery to the users' endpointdevices including, but not limited to, mobile devices, computers, and soon.

In one embodiment, the current invention provides geospatial andtemporal navigation for RSS feeds using a Geo-Tracker infolet 124. TheGeo-Tracker infolet 124 associates RSS content to one or moregeographical locations on a geographical map, e.g., a world map, whereinsaid one or more geographical locations are mined from and/or inferredby the content. For example, if a news story is concerning theIsrael-Lebanon conflict, the Geo-Tracker infolet may associate the storywith the geographical locations of Israel and Lebanon. In anotherexample, if a story is about two football teams from two differentcities playing against each other, the Geo-Tracker infolet may associatethe football story with the geographical location of the two cities.

In one embodiment, the current invention utilizes a location databasehaving a plurality of geographical locations, e.g., continents, regions,countries, cities, provinces, counties, capitals, most important citiesin each country, townships, etc. Furthermore, each of the geographicallocations can be mapped to a coordinate system for identifying eachgeographical location on a world map, e.g., where the coordinate systemmay contain one or more of: a latitudinal parameter, a longitudinalparameter, and/or an altitude parameter.

In one embodiment, one or more geographical locations are mined from thecontent by extracting proper names from the textual content. Forexample, names such as France, New York, etc. may be extracted from thetextual content. For example, proper names may be identified by creatingtokens for the text, identifying a set of capitalized words separated bycertain predefined characters (e.g., spaces), and/or eliminating wordsthat commonly appear capitalized (e.g., The). For example, if theextracted text is:

-   -   “The United States soccer team is undefeated. The winning streak        of 12 games continues. Perhaps, a few players will have to        retire before anyone else wins . . . ”

The capitalized portion (i.e., The United States) is first extractedfrom the textual content. Subsequently, the term “The” is removed as itis a commonly capitalized word, leaving “United States” as the onlygeographical location to be associated with the extracted text.

It should be noted that the one or more geographical locations can bedirectly obtained without being associated with an extracted name. Forexample, instead of extracting and using the term “The Empire StateBuilding” in conjunction with a location database, the content mayactually contain a street address or coordinates (e.g., latitude andlongitude) for the term “The Empire State Building”. If such informationis available, the mapping can be made directly using the street addressand/or coordinates.

In one embodiment, one or more geographical locations are inferred fromthe textual content. In other words, the identified location is notspecifically identified in the textual content, but instead is simplyinferred using one or more different rules or guidelines. For example, alocation may have multiple acceptable names (e.g., USA, U.S. areassociated with United States; “Garden State” is associated with NewJersey; “Empire State” is associated with New York; “Keystone State” isassociated with Pennsylvania; and so on), where each of the acceptablenames can be associated with a particular location.

In another example, a small city name may not be in the locationdatabase and the closest available location may be used. For example,the location of the capital of a country may be used to replace unknowncity names in the country. However, if specific matches are found, then“inferred” matches can be avoided. For example, if the city name “Lyon”(located in France) is found, then the inferred location, e.g., thecountry of France, should be avoided.

In one embodiment, the one or more geographical locations can beinferred from other types of content, e.g., closed captioning from videobroadcasts, audio podcasts that are passed through an automatic speechrecognizer, calendar info, blogs, etc. Namely, the one or moregeographical locations can be inferred from other content (e.g., non RSScontent) that may be associated with the RSS feed.

In one embodiment, the method then presents the RSS content to one ormore users with geographical and/or temporal navigation. For the exampleabove, a user may first read a story about a football game between twocities. A user may then be interested in other stories about one of theteams, e.g., what other games the team might have played, currentrankings, what cities the team might have played in, etc. The user maythen navigate using the geographical and/or temporal information.

FIG. 2 illustrates how RSS feeds can be handled, e.g., an RSS feed thatis used in conjunction with a Geo-Tracker and an RSS feed that is notused with a Geo-Tracker of the present invention. For example, the RSSfeed is associated with a website, e.g., Yahoo! top stories. An RSS feedreader 201 that renders the Yahoo top stories RSS feed without theGeo-Tracker may simply provide one or more links that can then beaccessed to display the various full stories in view 203. It should benoted that the Yahoo Website of Yahoo! Inc. of Sunnyvale, Calif., isonly provided as an example and should not be interpreted as alimitation of the present invention.

However, the Geo-Tracker view 202 of RSS feeds including the Yahoo topstories RSS feed may present links 204 to be used by a user to navigateand access the various full stories in view 203. Unlike RSS feed reader201, the links in the Geo-Tracker view 202 are presented illustrativelyin a “bubble” only when a pin is selected (e.g., “clicked on” or“highlighted” via a pointing device such as a mouse). More specifically,stories or topics in the Geo-Tracker view 202 used with the Geo-Trackerare associated with geographical locations as mentioned in the story(e.g., Lebanon, Jerusalem, Israel) such that pins are placed on one ormore of these identified locations on a world map 220. For example,symbols 205-207 identify geographical locations associated with therelevant story or stories. Additional discussion pertaining to how RSSfeed data will be presented on the geographical map will be furtherdiscussed below with reference to FIG. 3.

In one embodiment, the current method also provides links to one or moreaudio clips 208, image snapshots 209, video clips 210 and/or URLs 211for a MediaRSS feed. In one embodiment, the method provides symbols208-211 next to each of the links for indicating availability of one ormore audio clips, image snapshots, video clips and/or URLs for eachstory or topic in the MediaRSS feed. For the example in FIG. 2, symbols208-211 are used to provide access to the audio clips, image snapshots,video clips and/or URLs for a MediaRSS feed. For example, an audio clipwill be played when an audio clip symbol or icon next to a story isaccessed. In another example, a video clip will be played when a videoclip symbol or icon next to a story is accessed.

FIG. 3 illustrates an embodiment of geospatial and/or temporalnavigation for automated information feeds, e.g., RSS feeds, when usedwith the Geo-Tracker. For example, one or more feeds 315 can be trackedon a world map 305 over time. For example, as mentioned earlier, thesymbols 205-207 may identify geographical locations associated with oneor more stories at a specific time. As the story or event evolves overtime, it is possible that additional locations associated with the oneor more stories are identified and added onto the world map. This allowsa user to see how a story is evolving over a period of time. Namely, theuser may identify hotspots for the story by looking at the world map atdifferent times. For example, the color of the pin may change color toreflect intensity of a particular event happening at a particularlocation or an accumulation of different events in the same locations,e.g., changing from a green colored pin to a red colored pin, and so on.It should be noted that various methods of presenting intensity of anevent can be employed and is not limited to the use of color on thepins, e.g., using different types of symbols or pins to reflect theintensity, using different audible tones, coloring the geographic areason the map instead of just the pins, and so on.

For example, if a story is about an outbreak of an infectious disease,news coverage may initially focus on the limited affected areas suchthat only a few symbols or pins are identified on the world map 305.However, if the outbreak intensifies in the affected areas and/orextends outside of the initial identified areas, then more and morestories are generated that will focus on this particular topic, therebyindicating an increased interest around the world. In turn, the numberof symbols or pins may be added on the world map 305 and/or a symbol ora pin color will be changed to reflect the intensity. It should be notedthat “intensity” can be selectively defined by the user, e.g., intensitymay represent the number of events or stories happening at a particularlocation, or intensity may represent the number of events or storiesrelated to one or more keywords or terms, e.g., “Hurricane Katrina”,“Iraq War”, Bird Flu”, and so on.

It should be noted that in one embodiment, the links that areillustrated in the bubble that is associated with each pin is alsoupdated temporally. For example, a more recent story as provided by theautomated feed for a particular geographic location may replace an olderstory for the same geographic location. To illustrate, a story publishedon Monday that caused a pin to be placed at a particular location may bereplaced by another story published later on Friday for the samelocation. This allows the latest story to be presented to the user.

Alternatively, the latest story can simply be added or appended to thebubble and time stamped to show that this story is more recent thanother stories that are listed in the bubble. For example, the storypublished on Friday will be listed first in the bubble followed by thestory published on Monday. It should be noted that it may be necessaryto store, e.g., locally, some of the older stories depending on the timeduration that is selected by the user for temporal tracking. Namely, ifthe source of the automated feed is not saving such stories beyond thetime period selected by the user, then it may be necessary to store theolder stories locally.

In one embodiment, the method also provides one or morePicture-In-Picture (PIP) displays with story locations to give users aquick overview of other areas affected by a particular story. Forexample, a PIP display 310 may show locations 311-314 that are affectedby or associated with a particular story. For example, if you areaccessing a pin on the main map 305, the PIP display may quicklyhighlight the various geographic locations that may be discussed in thestory. For example, a story having a pin placed on China in the main map305 may discuss the Olympic Games that will be played in China. Thestory may also mention the countries of Brazil, France and Russia. Ifso, when the pin is accessed, the PIP display will show symbols onBrazil, France and Russia to indicate that the story relates to thesegeographic locations as well.

In one embodiment, the current invention also enables a user to specifythe frequency of tracking RSS feeds over time. For example, a trackingwindow or interface 316 provides an example where a frequency of 10 timeunits has been specified. The time unit may be minutes, hours, days,weeks, months, etc. Thus, the geographical map at a time 202 willillustrate pins that have been aggregated over a predefined time period.It should be noted that over that selected time period, pins could beadded and/or removed based on parameters selected by the user. As such,the geographical maps at a time 302, 303 and so on, will show differentaggregations over different time periods.

Furthermore, a playback button 317 can be provided that allows a user toplayback how the pins are populated onto the map, thereby allowing theuser to get a sense how the pins were created over time. Alternatively,applying the playback button may cause the presentation of a series ofmaps, e.g., for each time instance over the selected period of time, asto what the map looks like at each instance in time.

Alternatively, a slider bar 318 can be employed to allow a user toselectively move the slider bar to a particular point in time to see howthe pins are populated onto the map. For example, moving the slider barfrom left to right may correspond to selecting a view of the mapstarting from an earlier time to a later time based upon the selectedtime period.

It should be noted that the present invention allows for a user tospecify a particular search or query, e.g., a particular topic, aparticular story, a particular term, and so on. For example, a user maydefine that he or she is interested only in stories pertaining to thecommodity of “crude oil”. As such, only stories pertaining to crude oilwill be extracted from the one or more RSS feeds and displayed on themap 305. This feature can be implemented locally as a filtering functionin the present invention or, alternatively, as a remote filteringfunction if offered by the source of automated feed. It should be notedthat various search parameters can be defined by the user to address theinterest of the user.

FIG. 4 illustrates a flowchart of a method 400 for providing geospatialand/or temporal navigation. Method 400 starts in step 405 and proceedsto step 410.

In step 410, method 400 receives one or more content, e.g., RSS content,from one or more automated information feeds, e.g., RSS feeds. Forexample, method 400 receives one or more automated feeds from varioussource locations, e.g., yahoo news, broadcast news, etc.

In step 420, method 400 associates the one or more RSS content to one ormore geographical locations on a world map, wherein the one or moregeographical locations are mined from and/or inferred by the content.For example, the method may extract or infer names of geographicallocations (e.g., countries, cities, etc.) from the text mined from theabove information feeds. Using the extracted names, the method mayaccess a location database containing geographical locations and theirrespective coordinates, e.g., latitudinal, longitudinal and/orlatitudinal coordinates. The method is then able to associate the RSScontent to locations on a world map using the coordinates.

In step 430, method 400 may optionally track the one or more RSS contentover a predefined time period. For example, the method may receiveupdates automatically from the feeds in a predetermined schedule andtrack the content over time. For example, a story about a football teammay be available at a particular time. As time progresses and thefootball team advances towards the championship, there may be morecoverage of the team, e.g., more stories about players, backgrounds ofteams, etc. A user may wish to view a particular content as it istracked over time. More specifically, the present invention is able totrack temporally one or more content (e.g., a story line, one or morekeywords, and the like), to track one or more automated feeds, and/or totrack one or more geographic locations on the map (e.g., all storiesassociated with Washington D.C. from one or more feeds, and so on).

In step 440, method 400 presents the one or more RSS content to one ormore users with geographical and/or temporal navigation, e.g., via adisplay. For example, the method presents a list of contents along witha map with geographical locations mentioned in the content indicated onthe map. For example, if the content is about a soccer game matchbetween a New York team and a New Jersey team, the geographicallocations of New York and New Jersey can be indicated on the map via theuse of pins. The method then proceeds to step 450 to end processing thecurrent feed or to step 410 to continue receiving more feeds.

In one embodiment, the method may also provide application specificknowledge modules for matching names to locations. For example, a sportsmodule may be used to match player and coach names to the locations ofthe sports clubs, countries for which the players are playing, etc. Forexample, the baseball player named “Derek Jeter” can be matched with thestate of New York, or the city of New York City, or the borough ofBronx, and so on.

In another example, a politics module may be used to match officialtitles (e.g., President, Minister, etc.) to locations. For example,“Governor Corzine” can be matched with the state of New Jersey or thecity of Trenton, and so on.

In one embodiment, the current method may obtain a user's interest andpersonalize a user's browsing or viewing experience by highlightingevents and presenting associated items that match the user'sgeographical interest. For example, if a viewer is interested in eventsin Washington D.C., the present invention will display stories thatmention Washington.

It should be noted that although not specifically specified, one or moresteps of method 400 may include a storing, displaying and/or outputtingstep as required for a particular application. In other words, any data,records, fields, and/or intermediate results discussed in the method 400can be stored, displayed and/or outputted to another device as requiredfor a particular application. Furthermore, steps or blocks in FIG. 4that recite a determining operation, or involve a decision, do notnecessarily require that both branches of the determining operation bepracticed. In other words, one of the branches of the determiningoperation can be deemed as an optional step.

FIG. 5 depicts a high level block diagram of a general purpose computersuitable for use in performing the functions described herein. Asdepicted in FIG. 5, the system 500 comprises a processor element 502(e.g., a CPU), a memory 504, e.g., random access memory (RAM) and/orread only memory (ROM), a module 505 for providing geospatial and/ortemporal navigation, and various input/output devices 506 (e.g., storagedevices, including but not limited to, a tape drive, a floppy drive, ahard disk drive or a compact disk drive, a receiver, a transmitter, aspeaker, a display, a speech synthesizer, an output port, and a userinput device (such as a keyboard, a keypad, a mouse, and the like)).

It should be noted that the present invention can be implemented insoftware and/or in a combination of software and hardware, e.g., usingapplication specific integrated circuits (ASIC), a general purposecomputer or any other hardware equivalents. In one embodiment, thepresent module or process 505 for providing geospatial and/or temporalnavigation can be loaded into memory 504 and executed by processor 502to implement the functions as discussed above. As such, the presentprocess 505 for providing geospatial and/or temporal navigation(including associated data structures) of the present invention can bestored on a computer readable medium or carrier, e.g., RAM memory,magnetic or optical drive or diskette and the like.

While various embodiments have been described above, it should beunderstood that they have been presented by way of example only, and notlimitation. Thus, the breadth and scope of a preferred embodiment shouldnot be limited by any of the above-described exemplary embodiments, butshould be defined only in accordance with the following claims and theirequivalents.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method for processing an automated feed,comprising: receiving, by a processor, a content via the automated feed,wherein the automated feed comprises a really simple syndication feed;associating, by the processor, the content to a plurality ofgeographical locations on a map, wherein the plurality of geographicallocations is mined from a textual content of the content; presenting, bythe processor, an access to the content to a user via the map, whereinthe access to the content is presented as a plurality of symbols on themap, wherein accessing one of the plurality of symbols on the map causesa link to the content to be displayed, wherein the accessing the one ofthe plurality of symbols on the map further displays a second symbol foraccessing a universal resource locator; and providing on the map, by theprocessor, an indication of intensity of frequency associated with thecontent, wherein the intensity of frequency associated with the contentcomprises an intensity of a number of events associated with one of theplurality of geographical locations.
 2. The method of claim 1, whereinone of the plurality of geographical locations comprises a city.
 3. Themethod of claim 1, wherein one of the plurality of geographicallocations is associated with a coordinate system comprising alatitudinal parameter and a longitudinal parameter.
 4. The method ofclaim 1, wherein the map comprises a picture-in-picture display, whereaccessing one of the plurality of symbols on the map causes a geographiclocation to be displayed in the picture-in-picture display.
 5. Themethod of claim 1, wherein the content is tracked temporally over aperiod of time.
 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality ofgeographical locations is determined directly from the content.
 7. Anon-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions which, whenexecuted by a processor, cause the processor to perform operations forprocessing an automated feed, the operations comprising: receiving acontent via the automated feed, wherein the automated feed comprises areally simple syndication feed; associating the content to a pluralityof geographical locations on a map, wherein the plurality ofgeographical locations is mined from a textual content of the content;presenting an access to the content to a user via the map, wherein theaccess to the content is presented as a plurality of symbols on the map,wherein accessing one of the plurality of symbols on the map causes alink to the content to be displayed, wherein the accessing the one ofthe plurality of symbols on the map further displays a second symbol foraccessing a universal resource locator; and providing on the map anindication of intensity of frequency associated with the content,wherein the intensity of frequency associated with the content comprisesan intensity of a number of events associated with one of the pluralityof geographical locations.
 8. The non-transitory computer-readablemedium of claim 7, wherein one of the plurality of geographicallocations is associated with a coordinate system comprising alatitudinal parameter and a longitudinal parameter.
 9. Thenon-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 7, wherein the contentis tracked temporally over a period of time.
 10. An apparatus forprocessing an automated feed, comprising: a processor; and acomputer-readable medium storing instructions which, when executed bythe processor, cause the processor to perform operations, the operationscomprising: receiving a content via the automated feed, wherein theautomated feed comprises a really simple syndication feed; associatingthe content to a plurality of geographical locations on a map, whereinthe plurality of geographical locations is mined from a textual contentof the content; presenting an access to the content to a user via themap, wherein the access to the content is presented as a plurality ofsymbols on the map, wherein accessing one of the plurality of symbols onthe map causes a link to the content to be displayed, wherein theaccessing the one of the plurality of symbols on the map furtherdisplays a second symbol for accessing a universal resource locator; andproviding on the map an indication of intensity of frequency associatedwith the content, wherein the intensity of frequency associated with thecontent comprises an intensity of a number of events associated with oneof the plurality of geographical locations.